Comparison
Modafinil vs Tirzepatide
Side-by-side of Modafinil and Tirzepatide. Every row below is pulled from the compound schema and will update as our data grows. For deeper reads, follow through to each compound page.
Modafinil
Modafinil cognitive enhancement profile: wakefulness-promoting agent, 100-200 mg dosing, 12-15 hour half-life, off-label nootropic use, Schedule IV status.
Tirzepatide
Tirzepatide for weight loss: dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist sold as Mounjaro and Zepbound. SURMOUNT-1 showed 22.5% mean body-weight loss at 15 mg over 72 weeks.
Effects at a glance
Modafinil
- •FDA approved in 1998 for narcolepsy, with later additions for shift-work sleep disorder and OSA residual sleepiness
- •Schedule IV controlled substance in the US; prescription-only in EU, UK, Australia
- •Increases wakefulness via weak dopamine reuptake inhibition plus histaminergic, noradrenergic, and orexinergic activation
- •Long half-life of 12 to 15 hours requires morning dosing to avoid sleep disruption
- •Modest cognitive enhancement signal in non-sleep-deprived adults at 100 to 200 mg (Battleday meta-review 2015)
- •Substantial CYP3A4 induction reduces hormonal contraceptive efficacy; barrier methods recommended
Tirzepatide
- •Dual GIP plus GLP-1 receptor agonist with a ~5-day half-life supporting once-weekly subcutaneous dosing
- •SURMOUNT-1 reported ~22.5% mean body-weight loss at 15 mg over 72 weeks versus 2.4% on placebo
- •Lowers HbA1c by ~1.9 to 2.6 percentage points in type 2 diabetes across SURPASS trials
- •Outperformed semaglutide 1.0 mg head-to-head on weight loss and HbA1c in SURPASS-2
- •GI effects (nausea, diarrhea, vomiting) drive most discontinuations and ease with slow titration
- •Lean-mass loss observed in body-composition substudies; resistance training and protein intake mitigate this
Side-by-side
| Attribute | Modafinil | Tirzepatide |
|---|---|---|
| Category | pharmaceutical | pharmaceutical |
| Also known as | Provigil, Modalert, Modvigil, diphenylmethylsulfinyl-acetamide | Mounjaro, Zepbound, LY3298176 |
| Half-life (hr) ↗ | 13 | 120 |
| Typical dose (mg) ↗ | 200 | 10 |
| Dosing frequency | daily, morning | weekly |
| Routes | oral | subcutaneous |
| Onset (hr) | 1 | 24 |
| Peak (hr) | 3 | 72 |
| Molecular weight | 273.35 | 4813.45 |
| Molecular formula | C15H15NO2S | C225H348N48O68 |
| Mechanism | Weak dopamine reuptake inhibition plus downstream activation of histaminergic, noradrenergic, and orexinergic wake-promoting systems. | Synthetic 39-amino-acid peptide that activates both GIP and GLP-1 receptors. Potentiates glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, slows gastric emptying, and acts on hypothalamic and brainstem satiety circuits. |
| Legal status | Schedule IV (US); prescription-only globally; not a supplement | Prescription only; FDA-approved 2022 (T2DM, Mounjaro) and 2023 (chronic weight management, Zepbound) |
| WADA status | banned | allowed |
| DEA / Rx | Schedule IV | Rx only (not a controlled substance) |
| Pregnancy | Not recommended | Not recommended; discontinue 2 months before planned pregnancy |
| CAS | 68693-11-8 | 2023788-19-2 |
| PubChem CID | 4236 | 156588324 |
| Wikidata | Q422968 | Q105099794 |
Safety profile
Modafinil
Common side effects
- headache
- nausea
- anxiety
- insomnia (with late-day dosing)
- dry mouth
- mild blood pressure elevation
Contraindications
- recent myocardial infarction
- unstable angina
- left ventricular hypertrophy
- significant arrhythmia
- history of Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- psychotic disorders
- pregnancy
- concurrent MAOI use
Interactions
- hormonal contraceptives: CYP3A4 induction reduces contraceptive efficacy; use barrier method(major)
- cyclosporine: reduced cyclosporine levels via CYP3A4 induction(major)
- warfarin: CYP2C9 inhibition raises INR(moderate)
- phenytoin: CYP2C19 inhibition raises phenytoin levels(moderate)
- MAOIs: potential hypertensive reaction(major)
- classical stimulants (amphetamine, methylphenidate): additive cardiovascular and sleep-disruption effects(moderate)
Tirzepatide
Common side effects
- nausea
- diarrhea
- vomiting
- constipation
- decreased appetite
- injection-site reactions
- fatigue
- abdominal pain
Contraindications
- personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma
- multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
- pregnancy
- history of pancreatitis (use caution)
- severe gastroparesis
Interactions
- insulin: additive hypoglycemia risk; insulin dose typically reduced(major)
- sulfonylureas (glipizide, glyburide): hypoglycemia risk, sulfonylurea dose often reduced(major)
- oral medications (general): delayed gastric emptying can alter absorption kinetics(moderate)
- oral contraceptives: reduced exposure after first dose; backup contraception recommended for 4 weeks after initiation and each dose escalation(moderate)
- warfarin: monitor INR due to altered absorption(moderate)
Which Should You Take?
Modafinil comes out ahead for most readers on the criteria we weight: 3 catalogued goals, controlled substance, oral dosing, with a Tier-A outcome catalogued. Tirzepatide is the right call when one of the conditionals below applies.
- → If your priority is wakefulness, pick Modafinil.
- → If your priority is focus or working memory, pick Modafinil.
- → If your priority is metabolic health and glucose control, pick Tirzepatide.
- → If your priority is fat loss, pick Tirzepatide.
Edge case: If you cannot self-administer injections, Modafinil is the only oral option in this pair.
Default choice: Modafinil. Wider use case, a Tier-A evidence outcome catalogued, and broader goal coverage. Reach for Tirzepatide only if your priority sits squarely in the goals it owns above.
This verdict is generated from each compound's schema (goals, legal status, evidence outcomes, dosing route). It updates automatically as our compound data evolves; the deeper read sits on each individual compound page.
Common questions
What is the difference between Modafinil and Tirzepatide?
Modafinil and Tirzepatide differ in category (pharmaceutical vs pharmaceutical), mechanism, and typical dosing. See the side-by-side table for full details.
Which has a longer half-life, Modafinil or Tirzepatide?
Modafinil half-life is 13 hours; Tirzepatide half-life is 120 hours.
Can you stack Modafinil with Tirzepatide?
Stack compatibility depends on mechanism overlap, legal status, and individual response. Check each compound page for specific interactions and contraindications before combining.
Go deeper