The compound directory

cognition performance choline

Alpha-GPC

aka L-Alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine / choline alfoscerate / GPC / alpha-glyceryl phosphorylcholine

Dietary supplement (US); prescription medication in much of Europe

Alpha GPC supplement profile: 300 to 600 mg dosage, acetylcholine synthesis, attention and reaction-time evidence, side effects, and choline donor comparisons.

Half-life: 4hr
Typical dose: 600mg

metabolism longevity neuroprotection

Alpha-Lipoic Acid

aka ALA / thioctic acid / R-ALA / R-lipoic acid

Dietary supplement (US, UK, Canada, most EU); prescription drug for diabetic neuropathy in Germany

Alpha lipoic acid supplement guide: 600 mg/day oral dosing, R-ALA vs racemic absorption, neuropathy trial data, antioxidant mechanism, interactions.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 600mg

fat loss body composition

AOD-9604

aka hGH fragment 176-191 / Human Growth Hormone Fragment 176-191

Not FDA approved; research-use-only grey market in most jurisdictions

AOD 9604 peptide: 16-amino-acid hGH fragment 176-191. Preclinical lipolytic activity, phase 2 obesity trial showed no weight loss vs placebo.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 0.3mg

wakefulness cognition fatigue

Armodafinil

aka Nuvigil / R-modafinil / (R)-(-)-modafinil

Schedule IV (US); prescription-only globally; not a supplement

Armodafinil is the R-enantiomer sold as Nuvigil. Half-life 10-15 h, 150 mg standard dose, narcolepsy and shift-work approvals, Schedule IV.

Half-life: 15hr
Typical dose: 150mg

stress cognition hormones

Ashwagandha

aka Withania somnifera / KSM-66 / Sensoril

Dietary supplement in most jurisdictions; regulated in Denmark

Ashwagandha supplement guide: KSM-66 and Sensoril extracts at 300-600 mg/day cut morning cortisol and stress in RCTs. Dose, side effects, testosterone data.

Half-life: 10hr
Typical dose: 600mg

metabolism longevity cardiovascular

Berberine

aka berberine HCl / berberine hydrochloride

Dietary supplement (US, EU, UK, Canada); Rx in some Asian jurisdictions

Berberine supplement guide: 1500 mg/day lowers fasting glucose and HbA1c, AMPK activation, metformin parity in RCTs, dihydroberberine absorption.

Half-life: 3hr
Typical dose: 1500mg

BPC-157

aka Body Protection Compound-157 / Pentadecapeptide BPC-157

Not FDA approved; research-use-only grey market; banned by WADA (2022)

BPC-157 peptide profile: pentadecapeptide body protection compound 157. Preclinical data on tendon, gut healing, recovery. No human RCTs as of 2026.

Half-life: 4hr
Typical dose: 0.25mg

recovery gut

nootropic

Bromantane

aka Ladasten / ADK-709 / N-(4-bromophenyl)adamantan-2-amine

Approved in Russia (Ladasten); unscheduled and unapproved in US, EU, UK

Bromantane, the Russian nootropic sold as Ladasten (ADK-709), acts on dopamine to cut fatigue and anxiety without classical stimulant rebound.

Half-life: 11hr
Typical dose: 75mg

cognition fatigue stress

cognition stroke recovery choline

Citicoline

aka CDP-choline / cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine / Cognizin

Dietary supplement (US, Cognizin GRAS); prescription medication in most of the world

Citicoline supplement profile: CDP-choline as a phosphatidylcholine precursor, Cognizin dosing 250-2000 mg, cognition trials, stroke recovery evidence.

Half-life: 56hr
Typical dose: 500mg

recovery growth hormone body composition

CJC-1295

aka CJC-1295 DAC / CJC-1295 no-DAC / Mod GRF 1-29 / tesamorelin analog

Not FDA approved; research-use-only grey market; banned by WADA

CJC-1295 peptide profile: GHRH analog forms (with-DAC ~7-day half-life, no-DAC Mod GRF 1-29 ~30 min), ipamorelin pairing, recovery use, dosing, side effects.

Half-life: 168hr
Typical dose: 0.1mg

Clomiphene

aka Clomid / clomiphene citrate / Serophene / enclomiphene

Prescription only (FDA approved for ovulation induction; off-label in men)

Clomiphene citrate raises LH/FSH and endogenous testosterone in men. SERM TRT alternative, 25 to 50 mg, fertility preserved, visual side effects flagged.

Half-life: 168hr
Typical dose: 25mg

hormones fertility

cardiovascular longevity energy

Coenzyme Q10

aka CoQ10 / ubiquinone / ubiquinol / Q10

Dietary supplement (most jurisdictions); prescription cardiac medication in Japan

CoQ10 supplement guide: 100 to 300 mg/day dosing, ubiquinol vs ubiquinone absorption, Q-SYMBIO heart failure data, statin myalgia evidence.

Half-life: 34hr
Typical dose: 200mg

fitness cognition recovery

Creatine Monohydrate

aka creatine

Dietary supplement (most jurisdictions)

Creatine monohydrate supplement guide: 3-5 g/day raises phosphocreatine stores, lifts anaerobic output 5-15%, supports lean mass and cognition under sleep loss.

Half-life: 3hr
Typical dose: 5000mg

recovery longevity joint-health

Curcumin

aka turmeric extract / diferuloylmethane

Dietary supplement (global)

Curcumin supplement guide: turmeric extract at 500-1000 mg/day, piperine and Meriva for absorption, evidence in joint inflammation and mood.

Half-life: 7hr
Typical dose: 500mg

hormone

DHEA

aka dehydroepiandrosterone / prasterone / Intrarosa

OTC supplement in US (DSHEA 1994); prescription in EU, UK, Canada, Australia

DHEA supplement profile: adrenal androgen precursor, typical 25-50 mg dose, DHEA-S targets, evidence for adrenal insufficiency and vaginal atrophy, side effec.

Half-life: 12hr
Typical dose: 25mg

hormones longevity

metabolism longevity cardiovascular

EGCG

aka epigallocatechin gallate / green tea extract

Dietary supplement; warning labels required above 800 mg/day in some EU jurisdictions

EGCG supplement guide: 300-600 mg/day green tea catechin for fat loss and cardiovascular markers. Hepatotoxicity risk above 800 mg/day fasted.

Half-life: 3hr
Typical dose: 400mg

longevity sleep circadian

Epitalon

aka Epithalon / Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly / AEDG / Epithalamin (precursor extract)

Not FDA approved; registered in Russia under domestic pharmaceutical framework; research-use-only grey market in US/EU

Epitalon peptide (Epithalon, tetrapeptide AEDG): telomerase activation, lifespan extension data, anti-aging trials, dosage, half-life, and safety.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 5mg

Fisetin

aka 3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone

OTC dietary supplement

Fisetin is a flavonoid found in strawberries with senolytic activity in mouse models. Hickson 2019 confirmed senescent-cell clearance in human adipose tissue.

Half-life: 2hr
Typical dose: 500mg

longevity cognition

skin wound healing hair longevity

GHK-Cu

aka Copper Peptide / Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper / GHK

Topical cosmetics legal in most jurisdictions; injectable form not FDA approved for any indication; research-use-only grey market

GHK-Cu peptide (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper) is a topical copper peptide. Trials show fine-line and wound-healing gains; injectable longevity claims rem.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 2mg

growth-hormone recovery appetite

GHRP-2

aka Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 2 / Pralmorelin / KP-102 / GPA-748

Not FDA approved; approved in Japan as pralmorelin (diagnostic); research-use-only grey market in US/EU; banned by WADA

GHRP-2 peptide (pralmorelin, KP-102) is a synthetic hexapeptide ghrelin-receptor agonist that triggers pulsatile growth hormone release via the pituitary.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 0.1mg

growth-hormone appetite recovery

GHRP-6

aka Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 6 / SKF-110679 / Histidyl-D-Tryptophyl-Alanyl-Tryptophyl-D-Phenylalanyl-Lysinamide

Not FDA approved; research-use-only grey market; banned by WADA

First-generation hexapeptide ghrelin-receptor agonist. Pioneered the GHS-R1a pathway in the 1980s. Produces the strongest hunger response among GHRPs and a mo.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 0.1mg

Glutathione

aka GSH / L-glutathione / reduced glutathione

OTC dietary supplement

Glutathione (GSH) is the body's primary intracellular antioxidant. Oral supplementation has variable bioavailability; sublingual, liposomal, and IV forms.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 500mg

liver longevity immune

growth-hormone recovery cardiac-research

Hexarelin

aka Examorelin / EP-23905 / His-D-2-methyl-Trp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2

Not FDA approved; advanced through phase 2 trials in EU but never registered; research-use-only grey market; banned by WADA

Hexarelin peptide is a ghrelin-receptor hexapeptide. Largest acute GH pulse in the GHRP class, highest cortisol and prolactin lift, CD36 cardioprotective sign.

Half-life: 1hr
Typical dose: 0.1mg

growth-hormone recovery body-composition

Ipamorelin

aka NNC 26-0161 / Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2

Not FDA approved; advanced through phase 2b in postoperative ileus before discontinuation; research-use-only grey market; banned by WADA

Ipamorelin peptide benefits: selective ghrelin-receptor GHRP, 200 to 300 mcg dosage, GH pulse without cortisol or prolactin rise, CJC-1295 stack vs sermorelin.

Half-life: 2hr
Typical dose: 0.2mg

L-Theanine

aka theanine / gamma-glutamylethylamide

OTC dietary supplement

L-theanine is a non-protein amino acid found in tea leaves. The most-replicated nootropic; pairs with caffeine at 1:1 (100-200 mg each) for acute focus.

Half-life: 1.5hr
Typical dose: 200mg

cognition stress sleep

cognition nerve health mood

Lion's Mane

aka Hericium erinaceus / Yamabushitake / Bearded Tooth / Hou Tou Gu

Dietary supplement and food worldwide; unscheduled and unrestricted

Lion's mane mushroom (Hericium erinaceus) supplement profile: hericenones and erinacines stimulate NGF in vitro. Human cognition trials are small.

Half-life: 6hr
Typical dose: 1000mg

Low-Dose Naltrexone

aka LDN / naltrexone (low dose)

Off-label compounded prescription (naltrexone is FDA approved for opioid and alcohol use disorder at 50 mg)

Low dose naltrexone at 1.5 to 4.5 mg, one-tenth the 50 mg addiction dose. Compounded Rx. Small trials in fibromyalgia, Crohn's, Hashimoto's.

Half-life: 4hr
Typical dose: 4.5mg

immune pain

Magnesium Glycinate

aka magnesium bisglycinate

Dietary supplement

Magnesium glycinate supplement guide: chelated bisglycinate form, 200 to 400 mg dosage, sleep architecture benefits, low GI side effects, glycine co-effect.

Half-life: 5hr
Typical dose: 300mg

sleep recovery stress

Magnesium L-Threonate

aka Mg-T / MgT / Magtein / magnesium threonate

OTC dietary supplement

Magnesium l-threonate (Magtein) crosses the blood-brain barrier. Typical dose 1,500-2,000 mg. Sleep and cognitive trial data, side effects.

Half-life: 4hr
Typical dose: 2000mg

cognition sleep

Melatonin

aka N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine

OTC in US; prescription in UK, EU, Japan

Melatonin as a sleep supplement: 0.3-1 mg matches physiological output, 3-10 mg is pharmacological. Shifts circadian phase, shortens sleep latency.

Half-life: 0.75hr
Typical dose: 0.5mg

sleep circadian

Metformin

aka Glucophage / Fortamet / Glumetza / dimethylbiguanide

Prescription only (FDA approved for type 2 diabetes 1994)

Metformin for longevity: biguanide mechanism of action, TAME trial status, anti-aging dosage, weight loss data, life extension evidence in non-diabetics.

Half-life: 6hr
Typical dose: 1500mg

metabolism longevity

cognition mitochondrial antimicrobial

Methylene Blue

aka Methylthioninium chloride / Provayblue / tetramethylthionine chloride

Prescription (injectable, FDA approved); supplement form (oral) widely available; not scheduled

Methylene blue as a nootropic: low-dose cognitive enhancement, mitochondrial electron cycling, brain oxygen uptake, SSRI interaction risk, typical 0.5 to 4 mg.

Half-life: 5.5hr
Typical dose: 70mg

wakefulness cognition fatigue

Modafinil

aka Provigil / Modalert / Modvigil / diphenylmethylsulfinyl-acetamide

Schedule IV (US); prescription-only globally; not a supplement

Modafinil cognitive enhancement profile: wakefulness-promoting agent, 100-200 mg dosing, 12-15 hour half-life, off-label nootropic use, Schedule IV status.

Half-life: 13hr
Typical dose: 200mg

longevity metabolism mitochondrial-health

MOTS-c

aka Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the Twelve S rRNA-c / MOTSc

Not FDA approved; research-use-only grey market; not currently on WADA Prohibited List

MOTS-c peptide is a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide. Preclinical signals for insulin sensitivity, exercise capacity, dosage notes.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 5mg

N-Acetyl Cysteine

aka NAC

OTC in most jurisdictions; restricted periods in US history (FDA reclassified 2022)

NAC supplement benefits cover glutathione synthesis, liver and antioxidant support, and hangover recovery. Evidence strongest at 1200-2400 mg/day.

Half-life: 5.6hr
Typical dose: 1200mg

longevity recovery liver

longevity energy metabolism

Nicotinamide Riboside

aka NR / Niagen / nicotinamide riboside chloride

OTC dietary supplement

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is the most-studied NAD+ precursor in humans. Sold as Niagen by Chromadex; raises plasma NAD+ 30-60% at 250-1,000 mg/day.

Half-life: 8hr
Typical dose: 500mg

longevity energy metabolism

NMN

aka nicotinamide mononucleotide / beta-NMN

Contested in US (FDA position 2022); widely sold as supplement; broadly available in EU, UK, Asia

NMN supplements are oral nicotinamide mononucleotide capsules sold for longevity, energy, and metabolic health. They raise plasma NAD+ 30-90% at 250-1000.

Half-life: 4hr
Typical dose: 250mg

nootropic

Noopept

aka GVS-111 / N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester / Omberacetam

Approved in Russia and CIS states; prescription-only in UK; unscheduled and unapproved in US, EU varies

Noopept cognitive enhancer profile: 10 to 30 mg dosage, dipeptide nootropic mechanism, memory effects, and how it compares to piracetam.

Half-life: 0.7hr
Typical dose: 20mg

cognition memory stress

cardiovascular longevity cognition

Omega-3 (EPA/DHA)

aka fish oil / EPA / DHA / marine omega-3

Dietary supplement; prescription forms (icosapent ethyl, omega-3 acid ethyl esters) for severe hypertriglyceridemia

Omega 3 fish oil profile: EPA/DHA marine fatty acids, 2-4 g/day cuts triglycerides 20-30%, REDUCE-IT showed 25% cardiovascular risk reduction on icosapent eth.

Half-life: 48hr
Typical dose: 2000mg

PT-141

aka Bremelanotide / Vyleesi

Prescription only as Vyleesi; FDA-approved 2019 for HSDD in pre-menopausal women. Compounded versions sold off-label for male sexual function are research-use-only grey market.

PT-141 peptide (bremelanotide, Vyleesi): MC4R agonist for libido and erectile dysfunction. 1.75 mg subcutaneous, 30 to 60 min onset, 2 to 4 h half-life.

Half-life: 2.7hr
Typical dose: 1.75mg

sexual function libido

Rapamycin

aka Sirolimus / Rapamune

Prescription only (off-label for longevity)

Rapamycin for longevity: sirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor with ITP mouse lifespan data. Off-label geroprotective dosing remains investigational.

Half-life: 62hr
Typical dose: 6mg

longevity immune

Selank

aka TP-7 / Tuftsin analog

Approved as a prescription anxiolytic in Russia; not FDA approved; research-use-only grey market in most other jurisdictions

Selank peptide benefits: tuftsin analog heptapeptide, intranasal anxiolytic and nootropic. Russian clinical data, dosing, half-life, safety.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 0.4mg

cognition anxiety mood

Semaglutide

aka Ozempic / Wegovy / Rybelsus

Prescription only (FDA-approved, EMA-approved)

Semaglutide for weight loss: GLP-1 agonist (Ozempic, Wegovy) drives 15-17% mean loss at 2.4 mg/week in STEP trials. Watch lean-mass loss.

Half-life: 168hr
Typical dose: 2.4mg

metabolism weight loss

cognition neuroprotection stroke recovery

Semax

aka Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro / ACTH(4-10) Pro-Gly-Pro analog

Approved in Russia for stroke and cognitive disorders; not FDA approved; research-use-only grey market elsewhere

Semax peptide benefits: nootropic ACTH(4-10) analog without corticotropic activity. Cognitive enhancement, neuroprotection, intranasal dosing, Russian stroke.

Half-life: 0.5hr
Typical dose: 0.6mg

growth-hormone longevity recovery

Sermorelin

aka Sermorelin acetate / GRF 1-29 / Geref / GHRH (1-29) NH2

FDA approved 1997 (Geref, pediatric GHD); voluntarily discontinued by Serono 2008; compounded by 503A/503B pharmacies for off-label adult use; banned by WADA

Sermorelin peptide therapy uses a 29-amino-acid GHRH analog to raise endogenous GH. Dosing, half-life, sermorelin vs ipamorelin, and safety.

Half-life: 0.25hr
Typical dose: 0.3mg

Spermidine

aka spermidine trihydrochloride / wheat-germ-extract spermidine

OTC dietary supplement (wheat-germ extract has GRAS status in US)

Spermidine supplement benefits cover autophagy induction, longevity signals, and cognition. Wheat germ extract data, doses, and human trials reviewed.

Half-life: 6hr
Typical dose: 1.2mg

longevity cognition

recovery tendon repair wound healing

TB-500

aka Thymosin Beta-4 fragment / TB4-Frag / Thymosin Beta 4

Not FDA approved; research-use-only grey market; banned by WADA

TB-500 peptide, a 17-aa thymosin beta-4 fragment. Preclinical tendon and wound healing via actin sequestration. Typical dosage 2 to 5 mg weekly. No human RCTs.

Half-life: 2hr
Typical dose: 2.5mg

hormone

Testosterone

aka TRT / testosterone replacement therapy / testosterone cypionate / testosterone enanthate / Androgel / Testim

Schedule III controlled substance (US); WADA banned

Testosterone replacement therapy for hypogonadism: TRAVERSE 2023 cardiovascular data, cypionate dosing, body composition gains, Schedule III status.

Half-life: 192hr
Typical dose: 150mg

hormones sexual function body composition

immune recovery antiviral

Thymosin Alpha-1

aka Talpha1 / Ta1 / Zadaxin / Thymalfasin

Approved in 35+ countries as Zadaxin (hepatitis B, hepatitis C adjunct, immune support); not FDA approved in US; compounded by 503A/503B pharmacies for off-label use; not on WADA Prohibited List

Thymosin alpha-1 peptide (Zadaxin, thymalfasin): 28-amino-acid TA1 immunomodulator. Dosing, T-cell effects, hepatitis B and HCV adjunct evidence.

Half-life: 2hr
Typical dose: 1.6mg

metabolism weight loss glycemic control

Tirzepatide

aka Mounjaro / Zepbound / LY3298176

Prescription only; FDA-approved 2022 (T2DM, Mounjaro) and 2023 (chronic weight management, Zepbound)

Tirzepatide for weight loss: dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist sold as Mounjaro and Zepbound. SURMOUNT-1 showed 22.5% mean body-weight loss at 15 mg over 72 weeks.

Half-life: 120hr
Typical dose: 10mg

liver longevity mitochondrial

TUDCA

aka tauroursodeoxycholic acid / taurine-conjugated UDCA

OTC dietary supplement (US); pharmaceutical in Italy and several Asian countries

TUDCA is the taurine-conjugated form of ursodeoxycholic acid, a bile-acid molecule with replicated effects on liver function, ER stress, and bile flow.

Half-life: 4hr
Typical dose: 500mg

longevity muscle mitochondrial

Urolithin A

aka UA / Mitopure / ellagitannin metabolite

OTC dietary supplement (US GRAS 2018; EFSA Novel Food 2021)

Urolithin A supplement guide: pomegranate-derived metabolite, 500-1000 mg Mitopure dosing, mitophagy and muscle endurance evidence.

Half-life: 17hr
Typical dose: 500mg